Andre Gustave Citroen was the man who brought mass production to armaments manufacture in France during WW1.
Naturally, when he founded his car company in 1919, from Day One Citroen was all about streamlined production processes. The first model produced was the fairly conventional Type A, but it didn’t take long for Citroen to start surprising the motoring world with new ideas and innovations.
When every other European manufacturer utilized wooden-framed bodies, Citroen’s 1924 B10’s all steel construction was major step forward. Ten years on the Traction Avant amazed the motoring world with its front wheel drive, independent suspension and unitary body. It would take other car firms decades to catch up on such advanced features.
With France occupied by German forces, wartime Citroen developed new ideas in secret, the kind of innovations which would subsequently give us the 2CV and Citroen DS.
1948 saw the launch of the 2CV – a tough, cheap and dependable car intended as an alternative to horse transport in rural France. This French icon stayed in production for over four decades.
Arguably the most famous Citroen appeared in 1955. The Citroen DS amazed the world with its advanced design. Disc brakes, hydropneumatic self-leveling suspension and power steering plus amazing looks made the DS an instant hit. From 1968 directional headlights and Citroen’s semi automatic transmission added further refinements.
Today’s Citroen offering is crowd-pleasing too, from the diminutive Citroen C1 for sale and used Citroen C5 to the stylish Citroen DS3 Supermini and luxurious Citroen C8. The leisure activity and MPV markets are taken care of by the Citroen Berlingo and Citroen C4 Picasso respectively.
Citroen’s ‘Creative Technologie’ continues to be at the heart of what the marque does best.
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Darracq was an early Italian car company, and in 1909 sales were slow. To solve the problem, a new company was established. Anonima Lombarda Fabbrica Automobil was quickly shortened to Alfa.
Thus one of the greatest names in motoring and motor sport was born.
The company’s first model the 1910 24HP quickly established Alfa’s racing credentials, driven by Ronzoni and Franchini. Withe the arrival of Nicola Romeo at the helm, the 1920 20-30HP Torpedo was the first car to bear the name Alfa Romeo.
Alfa Romeo for sale was struggling by 1932, so Mussolini’s fascist government effectively took control. Immediately after WW2 the company turned to mass production; the previous luxury models just couldn’t be made to pay.
Sporting character remained though, and the classic twin cam engine introduced in 1954 stayed in production for over 40 years. Alfa Romeo hit many sporting milestones, including the first Formula 1 Championship, the 1966 Trans-Am Championship, the World Championship fo Makes 1971 and the Sports Car World Championships of 1977.
Pininfarina, Zagato, Bertone and Giorgetto Giugiaro/Italdesign – Alfa Romeo collaborated with some of the best design houses to produce some superb sports cars.
Alfa Romeo has always striven to turn concept vehicles into production cars. Whilst modern car design tends towards the lookalike, Alfa Romeo still manages to produce distinctively different cars. Bring to mind the current Alfa offerings used Alfa Romeo MiTo, used Alfa GiuliettaAlfa Romeo Brera, Alfa Romeo 159 and the Alfa Romeo Spider.
Despite an often turbulent financial and managerial history, the now Fiat Group owned Alfa Romeo continues to be a petrol head’s dream. “When I see an Alfa Romeo go by, I tip may hat.” Quite and admission from someone like Henry Ford
The BBC is the latest company associated with the UK Government showing signs of crisis. After recieving a 16 per cent savings directive from the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office, the BBC World Service is having to drastically scale down operations. After the British Government’s spending reviews, this is common sight. But ultimately, this is a very short-sighted policy that is undermining the UK’s prominence on the world stage, if not their credibility too.
With the cuts, Albanian, Portuguese, Serbian, Russian, Ukrainian, Mandarin and Macedonian services will be discontinued. Of these, it is said that one and a half million people listen to the Portuguese service in Africa. Most tellingly of all though, the BBC are axing their Caribbean Service. Whilst this is only the second largest of the axed services, a withdrawal from the Caribbean seems particularly damaging. It’s not just about British travellers no longer having a link to their homeland whilst under the Tropical Sky of Barbados Holidays (though yes, it’s important to factor in the usefulness of such a service). There’s a significant diplomatic dimension: what are commonwealth nations actually getting for their membership?. Is there not grounds to claim that the BBC – and by extension the UK Government – are clearly apathetic how they’re viewed and what’s going on in nations they were associated with?
Relations with the Caribbean are incredibly important for both sides. Cultural links and colonial history ensure a regular flow of holidays to St Lucia and other islands associated with the old British empire: they may have family ties there, but you don’t need such concrete history to appreciate the contributions of the region to the British way of life. With recent air-taxes levied against passengers who travel to the Caribbean, it seems that the current British Government has little interest in honouring shared heritage. The British links in the Caribbean will, in time, become irrelevant (even if not entirely unwelcome). The UK’s diplomatic face (some would say, its heart) has been the BBC World Service for decades. Leave it to people on Jamaica Holidays and the British will almost certainly have a bad reputation. As new players on the world’s stage emerge, the UK needs as many friends as it can get.
As one of the liveliest spots outside of London, Brighton is a destination that draws a lot of attention. It doesn’t matter whether you want a clasic seaside holiday or to get involved in the local nightlife and culture, Brighton has it all and more.
First and foremost Brighton has always been a seaside town and with its long, long stretch of pebbly beach there’s plenty of room to plant your deckchair and fall asleep in the sun. The legendary Palace Pier provides for all the best kind of vintage seaside attractions, from hot donuts and candyfloss to a hall of mirrors and a games arcade. Then there’s the promenade that runs all the way along the front and makes for a wonderful blustery walk on a winters day or a warm and sunny stroll in summer. Shops, cafes and bars line the promenade so whether you need warming up or cooling down, everything is catered for.
The seafront is also home to the largest concentration of Brighton hotels online with sea views being a big draw for visitors to the city.
Brighton is also a great shopping destination with a mixture of independant boutiques and well know highstreet stores all within close proximity. The north laine area is the place to go for trendy or off beat stores and boutiques selling everything from clothes to furniture. In total, the Lanes have 300 unique shops in less than half a square mile and the largest selection of independent retailers on the South Coast, so it’s a shopping hotspot with a bit of a difference.
In terms of things to see and do, once you’re sick of the beachfront, Brighton has plenty more to offer. The Brighton Pavilion kind of sticks out like a sore thumb, looking more like an Indian palace than a British seaside home. Constructed for the Prince Regent (later George IV), this fascinating building was modeled on the Indo-Saracenic style prevalent in India for most of the 19th century and has some of the most extravagant chinoiserie interiors ever executed in the British Isles. For the outdoor types Brighton has a lovely selection of parks, gardens and open spaces to explore within a short drive of the city centre. For the more adventurous walker just outside of Brighton you’ll find the south downs ith stunning views and miles of scenic walks through national park land.
If you want to be entertained during your evenings in Brighton the world famous Komedia comedy club holds regular stand up comedy and the Theatre Royal hosts all manner of performances throughout the year. Each October Brighton also hosts a 3 wekk long comedy festival, one of the UK’s premier comedy events. In fact Brighton plays host to a range of annual events, many of which are worth combining with your trip to the south coast. There’s the Brighton Festival, an arts and performance event that in 2010 was curated by Brian Eno. The Brihton Fringe festival hosts more off-beat performances and Brighton’s annual Pride event really has something for everyone these days, its not just for the gay community.
Feeling thirsty after all that fun and culture? Luckily Brighton has a wide range of places to drink from classic pubs to trendy bars and everything in between. This is complemented by restaurants for every taste, from takeaway and fast food for post drinking session munchies, to Spanish tapas and vegan curries. If you’re planning a trip to Brighton you’ll find plenty of hotels from cheap Brighton hotels through to Luxury hotels in Brighton
England is a lovely country, but for many tourists, its hard to know what to do outside of London. Our little guide gives you information and tips about the wonderful city of Preston. Preston is the biggest city in the county of Lancashire, to the north of the country. It is well-connected to transport links and is easily accessible. Blackpool is the nearest airport and Manchester airport is also close. You can also get there by train, bus or car, depending on your preference.
Preston offers a wide range of places to stay that suit the budget of every traveler. If youre after a bit of luxury, then the Marriott and Barton Grange hotels come highly recommended. At the other end of the scale for decent accommodation on the budget, try the Travelodge or Norbreck Castle. For something in between, you can find affordable quality at the Holiday Inn or the Swallow Preston. You could also stay in a holiday cottage if youre after a bit of quiet and privacy.
Historically, Preston was a major port and industrial center and a great way of exploring this heritage is through visiting some of the citys many museums. The Harris Museum and Art Gallery is great for exploring the history of Preston through photographs, textiles, costumes and art. The Museum of Lancashire explores the history of the county and includes displays on the Victorians and World War 2. Its worth checking the opening times before you visit the museums, but if you go between 10am and 5pm theyll usually be open.
If museums arent your thing, then there are loads of other options for family fun in Preston and the surrounding areas. Theres a lot of surrounding countryside, which is great to explore by taking a tour of the city with a professional guide. These tours are a great way to hear some great stories and learn some anecdotes from people who live in Preston. You could also visit the Beacon Country Park, which is free and has received awards for encouraging kids to explore and learn.
Preston may be a city, but it is also surrounded by some amazing countryside. Its definitely worth taking the time to check this out. You can explore on your own or go on a range of guided tours including bat walks, trips to stately homes and nature trails. Go on a tour with a park ranger to find out more about the landscape and environment. Whatever you like and whatever your budget, you are guaranteed to have a great time in the lovely city of Preston.
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London is one of the most well-respected cities in the world. Therefore, it would be a great idea to rent a commercial property in London. The prestige of a London address can work wonders for your businesss image and brand. There are 33 districts in London, each with its own personality and flair. Because of London’s ranking in the international retail market, around 56% of all of the major brands are represented in the city. This influence causes the city to have a constant influx of travelers and potential customers for your business. Couple that with the fact that London is accessible via three international airports, 11 interstates, and one of the best public transportation systems in the world.
In the center of the city, commercial office space is largely fully serviced, all inclusive and quite exquisite. Offices are fully furnished with desks and chairs, broadband and telecom systems, executive meeting rooms and receptionist services. You can find flexible leasing agreements for short term periods as well as long term leasing and sub-letting agreements over three to five year periods. The high demand for commercial property due to the prestige associated with this part of the city has led to companies taking out virtual offices. This option allows a company, business or individual to rent a city center address without the expense of paying for the actual office itself. You can also rent a commercial property on the outskirts of the city where land is naturally cheaper and prices are quite cost effective. The rent charges are less competitive compared to central London with the added benefit of transportation routes into the city.
Central London is such a convenient location for a commercial property, because it is accessible through public transportation. The Tube has a vast network of subway lines such as the Piccadilly and the Northern lines, which makes commuting to your commercial property easy and stress-free. Central London is not the only place to rent a commercial property, as Shoreditch, Marylebone and Westminster are all good locations to rent a commercial property.
Commercial property rental rates in London are always in flux. Many London locations that were expensive to most businesses are now great areas to rent a commercial property for cheap. Canary Wharf used to be a very expensive area to rent a commercial property. However, commercial property in this area is very affordable, and often comes with flexible terms. Mayfair and Bank are also good areas to rent a commercial property. The area of Victoria is the place to go if you wish to find affordable commercial property at lower rates than Canary Wharf.
If you are really serious about finding good areas to rent a commercial property in London, then you need to seek the counsel of a real estate professional that specializes in commercial property. With the right guidance, you will be well on your way to renting a commercial property in London.
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Brighton may be one of Britain’s most popular seaside towns, but it certainly isn’t lacking when it comes to culture. The council has invested heavily in the cultural sector and has capitalized on its popularity with London’s jet-set. Brighton’s reputation for cultural cool is growing.
The royal patronage of the Prince Regent helped establish Brighton’s reputation for stunning architecture. He was the inspiration for John Nash’s wonderfully eccentric design of the Royal Pavilion and a stroll down many of the city’s streets and terraces reveal Regency designs. Brunswick Town and Kemp Town are inspired by Bath and London and when the Prince reigned Brighton was a royal court second only to London. When Queen Victoria started her reign, the architecture in Brighton changed and Victorian churches sprang up along with formidable sea front hotels.
More than fifty festivals grace the streets of Brighton each year and expose its residents and eager festival goers to art, theatre, music, film and comedy. The biggest and most popular is the Brighton Festival. In 2010 Brian Eno took control of the artistic direction and raised the attendance and the bar for future directors. In 2006 a Fringe Festival split from this main event and invited anyone and everyone to put on a show in what is becoming a rapidly growing festival. Artists get a chance to showcase their work thanks to various festivals in the calendar where Brighton is full of the creative muse.
For its size Brighton has an enormous amount of museums. From the state-of-the-art Brighton Museum and Art Gallery with its 20th century art and displays to Preston Manor in all its Edwardian splendour on the outskirts of the city, there is a museum for all tastes.
Arts and entertainment are important to Brighton. As well as the festivals the city welcomes the latest bands to the Brighton Centre. Theatre Royal Brighton plays host to star-studded West End productions. Comedy, drama, musicals and a wonderful Christmas Show all play here. The theatre also produces its own shows. The lovely Brighton Dome welcomes all acts from stand-up comedians to orchestras to Shakespeare Companies.
The Duke of York’s Picturehouse is the oldest working cinema in the country and is a far cry from the modern multiplexes. Film lovers will enjoy the atmosphere and the quirky films shown at this beautiful picture house.
Be it art, film, theatre or architecture, Brighton has enough to satisfy the most ardent culture lover.
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No matter how robust you’re financially, you’re at all times liable to face an emergency situation that will have rather a lot of influence in your monetary capability. That is the situation wherein payday loans UK is most needed. A payday mortgage is authorized inside 24 hours; a few days at most after application. They can be utilized for quite a lot of applications comparable to paying payments which are due, for stopping a test to bounce and other sudden expenses.
People who belong to the working class are those who can profit probably the most from payday loans UK . But because the loans should be paid inside one or weeks, the rate of interest can be as excessive as four hundred percent. The lenders attempt to get probably the most profit out of the very brief paying period. In addition, if the mortgage amount is a thousand pounds and below, the lender can solely get a very small profit out of the loan. Thus, the interest rates are very high. A mortgage of as much as 500 pounds can easily be availed with an online payday loan.
There are eligibility necessities that you’ll have to fulfill which fluctuate in response to the lender. Among others, you ought to be a British citizen, at least 28 years old and should be incomes a minimum of a thousand pounds a month. To confirm this, a lender could require you to submit your most up-to-date pay statement.Repaying the payday mortgage can range from 7 to 15 days. In case you fail to pay your mortgage inside the interval, you may settle it in your next payday, however it includes fee of additional charges and the curiosity gained by your mortgage for the additional period. Payday loans UK can be credited to your checking account inside the day so it is best to apply for one from Monday to Thursday. Thus, you may have it accessible inside the same payday week.
Hershel T. Clemo
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There are fifteen National Parks in the United Kingdom stretching from the Cairngorms in Scotland to Dartmoor in Devon. The largest and one of the most visited is the Lake District in Cumbria in the north west of England. It has a distinct character making it a popular destination for visitors from all over the UK and further afield.
So, what is the attraction that draws so many tourists to the Lake District? As the name suggests there are many lakes, the most famous being Lake Windermere. These stretches of water are inhabited by an abundance of local wildlife. The lakes also mean that there are plenty of water based activities to enjoy. Canoeing, kayaking and boating are all possible in the Lake District and visitors can even learn how to sail. Coniston Water has a Royal Yachting Association Training Centre and offers courses for internationally recognized RYA certificates.
The activities on the lakes are not the only way to enjoy the outdoors in the Lake District. The National Park has the highest number of outdoor activity centers in the United Kingdom. There are a whole host of pursuits to cater to all ages in these centers including horse riding, caving, climbing and abseiling. The Lake District has a tradition of unrestricted access to its fells and a network of public rights of way. Whether holiday makers choose to go it alone or take up one of the courses on offer, boredom is never an option and the scope of possibility is almost endless.
The Lake District is unique thanks to its ancient woodlands and the highest peaks and deepest lakes in England. Visitors can’t help but be impressed by the evidence of life dating back thousands of years to the Ice Age. Native animals and plants thrive in the wooded areas and thrill nature lovers and walkers alike. The National Park has a rich history uncovered by archaeologists of life throughout the ages and more recent living is reflected in the houses and bridges built with local materials.
The accommodation, outdoor pursuits and attractions all come together to make the Lake District a destination for everyone. Specialist shops are everywhere selling local arts, crafts and produce. Green fingered guests love the nurseries and garden centers and walking and outdoor equipment is sold everywhere. The food shops sell local specialties including the famous Kendall Mint Cake and there are galleries and exhibitions for all tastes. With all this on offer, it’s easy to see why the Lake District is so popular.
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England’s South Coast is a treasure trove of sights to see and places to visit during any stay in Southern England. Southern England includes the southern counties of England bordering on the English Midlands. The government of the UK divides Southern England into South West England, South East England, Greater London and the East of England. So now that we know where we are, here are some attractions and places to visit on England’s South Coast:
- Beachy Head: is south of Eastbourne and is a snow white cliff on the end of the South Downs. It can be reached by traversing a scenic footpath. Don’t miss its famous striped lighthouse.The cliff path that passes through Cuckmere, Haven and Seaford provides a great hiking opportunity and is 3.5 or 6km long.
- Bramber Castle: is on the west side of Bramber village and is an English Heritage property. The ruins of the castle gatehouse are from the original gatehouse built by the Normans.
- The Kent Battle of Britain Museum: can be found in Hawkinge. This is an old armory that features an R.A.F. Room, the Luftwaffe Room, the Aircraft Armaments Room and an art gallery.
- The Eurotunnel is England’s newest and fastest transport system. It crosses under the channel between Folkestone, Kent and Coquelles, France. It was completed im 1994. There is a visitor center in Folkestone and The Exhibition Centre in Cheriton, near Folkestone. The Exhibition Centre is dedicated to the construction of the Eurotunnel.
- Borde Hill Gardens: in Haywards Heath is 200 acres of woods and parkland in Sussex. It is a well known botanical garden. It displays include incredible colour throughout all the seasons of the year.
- Romney Marsh: extending from Hythe along the coast, is the beginning of almost 50,000 acres of area devoted mainly to the growing of flowers. It is especially beautiful in the spring.
- Mermaid Street: in Rye. A wonderful place to stroll where you can see Lamb House, an 18th century Georgian building in which Henry James wrote “The Wings of the Dove” and “The Golden Bowl” during the final years of his life. You will also want to see Old Hospital, a triple-gabled half-timbered 15th – 16th century building. Don’t forget The Mermaid Inn, a 15th century pub that is rich in tradition. It was once known as a meeting place for Smugglers.
This is just a small sampling of the many things to do and see on England’s South Coast. Be sure to learn about the many other attractions of this beautiful area of England.
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